Present key problems in land degradation include loss of vegetation cover and biodiversity. Land degradion is a major concern discussed in the naitional environmental action plans of many afican countries. Environmental issues in ethiopia and links to the ethiopian. Rapid urban expansion and the challenge of propoor. Socioeconomic and environmental impact of floriculture. Environmental challenges in ethiopia include climate change, soil degradation, deforestation, loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services, and. Environmental problems and solutions in ethiopia generally keywords. Nevertheless, it had brought and still instigating significant impacts on natural resources of the environment specifically at the destination areas.
Featuring footage from sean peoples trip to ethiopia last year, this video looks at the efforts of two projects to address the countrys complex challenges with integrated solutions. The main ethiopian rift is geologically active and susceptible to earthquakes. The problem of population explosion and environmental degradation is the most important social issues and the ethiopian government has taken it as priority areas. Then chapter 5 critically pinpoints the existing institutional and legal pitfalls associated with ethiopian environmental federalism. Background ethiopia is gifted with abundant natural. Environmental and social impact assessment report of feed. Deforestation is major problem in ethiopia as the people rely on biomass energy for cooking. Overview of environmental impact assessment in ethiopia. May 04, 2019 hence, the environmental issues of ethiopia serve the political agenda than the genuine environmental concern.
Department of geography and environmental education, addis ababa university, addis ababa, ethiopia. Hot springs and active volcanoes are found in its extreme east close to the red sea. Pdf man is causing all round damage to atmosphere, water, land, to the various elements of environment and to the ecosystem itself. The research implies the following areas of intervention. Most of it occurs in the environmental advocacy community, which by its nature emphasizes the challenges, problems, and harmful impacts on the environment irrespective of the responsible country. The practices and challenges of environmental issues. Embassy to ethiopia and the horn of africa regional environment centre. The overall objective of the environmental policy is to promote the sustainable social and economic development of the. Federal democratic republic of ethiopia environmental and.
Many thanks also go to the staff of ethiopian broadcasting corporation ebc, for their support. Waste management in ethiopia is problem that affects water quality and health. Climate change, natural disaster and rural poverty in ethiopia. Performance of ethiopian cutflower export by value. The holistic approach that the ethiopian government has recently developed aims to tackle the problems inherent in growth paths that produce environmental problems, and to realise potentials from investing in ethiopia s natural assets. Causes and impacts of shankila river water pollution in. Other, important environmental problems include loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services, spread. Increased awareness and understanding of environmental and resource issues shall be promoted by policy makers, by government officials and by the population, and the adoption of a conservation culture in environmental matters among all levels of society shall be encouraged. Rapid urban expansion and the challenge of propoor housing. There is a vigorous debate on the environmental impact of chinas investment in africa. Introduction an environmental problem arises whenever there is a change in the quality or quantity of any environmental factor which directly or indirectly affects the health and wellbeing of man in an adverse manner.
Provide support and solution to these problems through effective environmental management plans 3. In ethiopia, land degradation is a serious problem affecting agricultural productivity. By incorporating environmental issues into our work within ethiopia, usaid strives to develop initiatives that make improvements in multiple sectors and promote sustainable development. The major environmental problems are deforestation and serious erosion in the highland. These issues, their links to the ethiopian economy, and their implications for economic growth, form the subject of this study. Environmental, social and economic problems in the borkena plain. Overview and issues for congress congressional research service summary economic and environmental concerns have contributed to rising interest in green procurement a term used in various ways but that may best be described as acquisition of products and services with smallerthanaverage environmental footprints. Environmental problems and solutions in ethiopia generally. National proclamations and guidelines pertinent to the project the following are list of the national environmental policies relevant to the project. Loss of biodiversity and climate change as presented in. Major purpose of the study the major purpose of this research was to assess the major causes of soil erosion and deforestation, and to gain an understanding of how deforestation and soil erosion affect.
Causes and impacts of shankila river water pollution in addis. Overgrazing and the expansion of farming into marginal lands caused by an increasing population pressure without increasing economic productivity have. The study will facilitate identification of issues for further study. Overgrazing and the expansion of farming into marginal lands caused by an increasing population pressure without increasing economic productivity have been leaving the land bare. Federal democratic republic of ethiopia country environmental analysis cea ethiopia realizing green transformation. Water shortages are common in some areas during the dry season. Pdf environmental issues in ethiopia and links to the ethiopian.
The issue of surface and groundwater pollution has not been considered as a major problem in ethiopia until recent times. Land degradation is the common environmental problem in ethiopia. It is one of the major causes of low and declining agricultural productivity and continuing food insecurity and rural poverty. In ethiopia, during the second half of the 20th century, the country has experienced severe deforestations and degradation. Sep 24, 2019 in recent years, ethiopia has become a regional leader in solid waste management. Problems and prospects an analysis in comparative perspective candidate. The environmental policy of ethiopia to address the crosssectoral and sectoral issues that concern the environment and natural send by email pdf version. Namely, 1 the government needs to work on revising policy documents that correct environmental policy inconsistency. This paper critically examines the role of policies and institutions in addressing the developmental challenges of. Finally, i would like to thank the staffs of ethiopian environmental. Environmental management of the acrifp will be evaluated based on the existing environmental and social management systems of ethiopia and the safeguard policies of the world bank wb. Semantic scholar extracted view of environmental issues in ethiopia and links to the ethiopian economy by b. Pdf overview of environmental impact assessment in ethiopia.
Environmental issues such as water pollution as a result of agricultural and industrial runoffs, etc. Pdf on jan 1, 2003, teketay and others published state of the environment in. These issues, their links to the ethiopian economy, and their implications for economic growth, are the subject of this rapid, deskbased study. Outline of presentation b responses at the national level c responses at the international level a major environmental issues. Development strategies and environmental policy in east africa. Ultimately, environmental sustainability in ethiopia is a possibility that contain challenges. Population, development, and environment in ethiopia wilson. The growth of urbanization, urban poverty, housing problems, homelessness and begging. The plant incinerates up to 1,400 tonnes of waste every dayroughly 80 per cent of the citys rubbishsupplying the capital with 25 per cent of. Environmental and social impact assessment report of feed mill production plant, ethiochicken plc, burayu town administration, may, 2017, addis ababa, ethiopia birhanu hailu1 and yared worku2 1department of environmental pollution management, ethiopia environment and forest research institute, central ethiopia environment and forest. Experience over the last couple of decades in ethiopia has shown that as human numbers increased, the population carrying capacity of the environment decreased. Oct 17, 2015 the development of great ethiopian renaissance dam gerd is causing political escalation of tensions between ethiopia and egypt based on current issues and the expectations for requirements that must be met before the completion of the dam construction.
Underlying these problems is the ethiopian governments poor implementation of policies. Pdf overview of environmental impact assessment in. With an urgent need in the field of impact management in line with the current needs for development, the paper highlights the ethiopian environmental policy, specifically targeting on the current implementation of eia procedures. Whatever the case may be, at this juncture, it should be noted that this overemphasis on the role of general international law will not have the worsening effect on the environmental problems since the traditional legal order of the environment is essentially a laissezfaire system oriented. The most important environmental problems in ethiopia include, climate change, and l degradation, overgrazing and deforestation, indoor air pollution and water pollution. In addition, land degradation directly affected the type of plant grown on the. Key environmental problems, their causes and opportunities. The environmental impact of chinas investment in africa. Regardless of the minimal effects of its implementation, ethiopia has laid. Environmental dynamics and its impact on agricultural. One of the culprits of environmental damage in ethiopia is land fragmentation.
Jimma sanitary landfill environmental and social impact. Ethiopia is highly vulnerable to grave environmental degradation mainly due to unwise use of natural resources and poorly planned development projects, prompted by rapid population growth. Climatic and environmental challenges openedition books. The state have established environmental units, produced the. Waste management threats to human health and hydrological cycles of urban centres in ethiopia account the most insidious environmental problems due to. In the case of ethiopia, many view this issue as the countrys prmary enviromental problem. Deforestation in ethiopia is to locals clearing forests for their personal needs, such as for fuel, hunting, agriculture, and at times for religious reasons. National report of ethiopia sustainable development. Eia investigates the possible environmental impacts of a project, strategic level assessment looks at the possible environmental repercussions of. With the exception of climate change, the major environmental issues affecting ethiopia are soil erosion and land degradation, deforestation and forest degradation, water scarcity, biodiversity. Performance of ethiopian cutflower export by volume table 4. Deforestation is the process of removing the forest ecosystem by cutting the trees and changing the shape of the land to.
Because of high erosion in the highlands, the soil has become much less fertile. International research in geographical and environmental education vol. Although the government has committed itself to reducing poverty and meeting the millennium development goals, its programs are not horizontally integrated, and focus on immediate crises rather than longterm environmental and population problems. Environmental issues in ethiopia and links to the ethiopian economy. Ethiopia environmental and climate change policy brief. Ethiopia concludes that issues pertaining to climate change and the. Ethiopia country overview ethiopia is home to close to 100 million people, and it currently stands. The environmental policy of ethiopia was issued in 1997 to provide overall guidance in the conservation and sustainable utilization of the countrys environmental resources in general. Local, regional and international environmental interdependence shall. National population policy of ethiopia, addis ababa, ethiopia, office of the prime minister, april 1993. While there is now widespread agreement that urban environmental issues are important, there is little coherence in how international agencies and others define the urban environment and identify its critical problems.
Pdf environmental pollution causes and consequences. Elsewhere, the land is subject to erosion, overgrazing, deforestation, and frequent droughts. Ethiopian government support to exporthorticulture table 2. They should be applied in conjunction with the guidelines for incorporating biodiversityrelated issues into environmental impact assessment legislation andor process in strategic environmental assessment endorsed by the conference of the parties in decision vi 7a and contained in the annex to that decision. Pollution of water bodies may take place due to the discharge. This is because the environment has not featured on the development agenda in the past, since project evaluation and decision. The main causes of deforestation in ethiopia are shifting agriculture, livestock production and fuel in drier areas. Environmental problems can be studied from two different viewpoints. Challenges in the enabling environment for resilient green. Recognition of main environmental problems through environmental assessment 2.
Neither the land reform of 1975, nor the ecological campaigns of the 1980s, the police interference in the 1960s, the troops in the 1990s, nor the land distribution of 1997 could solve the root problems of environmental and social degradation in the area. Ethiopia enhances environmental protections through waste. The second chapter addresses deforestation, a substantial contributor to economic and environmental concerns ranging from global climate change to local food and energy scarcity. For example, this report analyses legislation covering both the built environment and the natural environment in order to paint a holistic picture of legislation and practice that may help or hinder drr in ethiopia. Ethiopia s decision to chart a new path in addressing both rural and urban problems was taken at the beginning of this century. Environment and climate research center, and the ministry of environment, forest and climate change, federal democratic republic of ethiopia fdre with involvement from other ministries of the fdre. Ethiopia s hivaids adult prevalence rate hovers around 1.
As a side effect of erosion in the highlands, the lowland is exposed to stormflooding, especially in the rainy season. Apr 12, 2021 ethiopia is a classic example of how severe degradation of ecosystems and productive agricultural lands, and poor utilization of water resources increase poverty, food insecurity, loss of biodiversity, and even conflict. Ethiopia page 10 of 73 population information and education programme has been mounted for addressing issues pertaining to large family size and its relationships with human welfare and environmental security. Social problems in ethiopia info4mystrey, bestmark. Last year, the country transformed the koshe dump site, the only landfill in addis ababa, into a new wastetoenergy plant, the first such project on the continent. Jimma town is one of the oldest, largest and commercial centers of the. In ethiopia, deforestation is an ongoing issue that is causing extinction, changes to climatic. The environmental quality of freshwater ecosystem has deteriorated by pollutants. Environmental problems and solutions in ethiopia generally author. This is not just a semantic question, as it is intimately related to how and where funds.
Global and ethiopia s national environmental challenges in ethiopia, land degradation is a serious problem affecting agricultural productivity. This coincided with the increasing attempts by the u. Ethiopia environmental and climate change policy brief sidas. Natural resource degradation tendencies in ethiopia. Humanitarian goals and unintended environmental impacts 11. The himalayan kingdom of bhutan was reckoned to be the worlds most rural sovereign state, with only six percent of its population living in urban. Following ethiopian practice and the logic of names, please quote and list this author as berhanu, not under his second name. Federal democratic republic of ethiopia country environmental. Efforts to empower teachers in ethiopia to address local. With the exception of climate change, the major environmental issues affecting ethiopia are soil erosion and land degradation, deforestation. Population, development, and environment in ethiopia.
Severely eroded and deforested, ethiopia s land is increasingly turning to desert, due to the countrys high population growth, unsustainable land use, and lack of land ownership. In addition, land degradation directly affected the type of plant grown on the area, reduced availability of potable water, lessened. Environmental, social and economic problems in the borkena. Standard disclaimer this volume is a product of the staff of the international bank for reconstruction and development the world bank. By incorporating environmental issues into its work within ethiopia, we strive to develop initiatives. Social problems in ethiopia info4mystrey, bestmark mystery2020. National population policy of ethiopia, addis ababa, ethiopia, office of the. Since 1991, ethiopia s record of economic growth has been very impressive. Identified social and environmental issues table 3. These projects need attention to manage their environmental impacts.
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